English III Vocabulary Word Bank
| Whitman & Dickinson | ||
| Scarlet Letter 14-24 | Interdisciplinary | Fitzgerald |
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Vocabulary for Hawthorne's
Young Goodman Brown and My Kinsman, Major Molineaux; circle each word when you find it in the story.
Words from Young Goodman Brown
1. melancholy, noun. Sadness or depression of the spirits; gloom. Middle English melancolie, from Old French, from Late Latin melancholia, from Greek melankholi : melus, melan-, black + khol, bile; see ghel-2 in Indo-European Roots.
2. pious, Adj. Having or exhibiting religious reverence; earnestly compliant in the observance of religion; devout. From Latin pius, dutiful.
3. catechism, Noun. A book giving a brief summary of the basic principles of Christianity in question-and-answer form. French catechisme, from Old French, from Late Latin catchismus, from Late Greek katkhismos, from katkhizein, to teach by word of mouth.
4. firmament, noun. The vault or expanse of the heavens; the sky. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin firmmentum, from Latin, support, from firmre, to strengthen. See firm2.]
5. festoon, A string or garland, as of leaves or flowers, suspended in a loop or curve between two points. French feston, from Italian festone, from festa, feast.
6. visage, Noun. The face or facial expression of a person; countenance. Middle English, from Old French, from vis, from Latin vsus, appearance, from past participle of vidire, to see. See weid- in Indo-European Roots.
7. proselytes, Noun. A new convert to a doctrine or religion. Middle English proselite, from Old French, from Late Latin proslytus, from Greek proslutos, stranger, proselyte : pros-, pros- + luth- aorist tense stem of erkhesthai, to go.
8. canopy, A covering, usually of cloth, suspended over a throne or bed or held aloft on poles above an eminent person or a sacred object. Middle English canape, from Medieval Latin canpum, mosquito net, from Latin canpum, from Greek knpeion, bed with mosquito netting, from knps, knp-, mosquito.
9. wanton, Adj. Immoral or unchaste; lewd. Middle English- wan -deficient Old English - wan deficient, téon.
10. anathema, Noun. A vehement denunciation; a curse: "the sound of a witch's anathemas in some unknown tongue" (Nathaniel Hawthorne). Late Latin anathema, doomed offering, accursed thing.
Words from My Kinsman, Major Molineaux
11. cudgel, noun. Middle English: Kuggel A short heavy club.
12. hovel, noun. - A small miserable dwelling: Middle English - hut.
13. countenance, noun. 1.Appearance, especially the expression of the face: The question left him with a puzzled countenance. 2.The face or facial features. [Middle English contenaunce, from Old French, from contenir, to behave. See contain.]
14. sepulchral, adj. 1.Of or relating to a burial vault or a receptacle for sacred relics. 2. Suggestive of the grave; funereal. Latin for tomb.
15. smite, verb. 1.a.To inflict a heavy blow on, with or as if with the hand, a tool, or a weapon. b. To drive or strike (a weapon, for example) forcefully onto or into something else. 2. To attack, damage, or destroy by or as if by blows. 3. a.To afflict b.To afflict retributively; chasten or chastise. 4. To affect sharply with great feeling [Middle English smiten, from Old English smtan, to smear.]
16. evinced, e·vince v.To show or demonstrate clearly; manifest: evince distaste by grimacing. [Latin vincere, to prevail, prove. See evict.]
17. predilection, noun. Etymology: French prédilection, from Medieval Latin praediligere to love more, prefer, from Latin prae- + diligere to love -- more at an established preference for something.
18. domicile, n. Etymology: Middle English, from Middle French, from Latin domicilium, from domus a dwelling place : place of residence a person's fixed, permanent, and principal home for legal purposes.
19. antipathy, noun: [anti (opposite)] feelings pathos-experience definition: repugnance; hatred.
20. sanctity, noun. 1. Holiness of life or disposition; saintliness. 2.The quality or condition of being considered sacred; inviolability. [Middle English saunctite, from Old French sainctite, from Latin snctits, from sanctus, sacred.
21. despondent, Adj. a feeling of rejection.
22. din, n. A jumble of loud, usually discordant sounds. [Middle English dine, from Old English dyne.]
Vocabulary Scarlet Letter: Chapters 6-12
Chapter 6
russet: (noun) a moderate to strong brown garment. Sentence:
And yet a russet gown, torn and soiled with the child’s rude play, made
a picture of her just as perfect.
amenable: (adj) willing. Sentence: The child could not be made
amenable to rules.
phantasmagoric: (adj) dreamlike; surreal. Sentence: It was
like nothing so much as the phantasmagoric play of the northern lights.
labyrinth: (noun) a maze. Sentence: But Hester could not resolve
the query, being herself in a dismal labyrinth of doubt.
Chapter 7
caprice: (noun) an impulsive change of mind. Sentence: Often,
nevertheless, more from caprice than necessity, she demanded to be taken up
in arms; but was soon as imperious to be set down again, and frisked onward
before Hester on the grassy pathway, with many a harmless trip and tumble.
imperious: (adj) arrogantly domineering or overbearing. Sentence:
Often, nevertheless, more from caprice than necessity, she demanded to be taken
up in arms, but was soon as imperious to be set down again, and frisked onward
before Hester on the grassy pathway, with many a harmless trip and tumble.
tome: (noun) A large or weighty book. Sentence: Here, on the
cushion, lay a folio tome, probably of the Chronicles of England, or other such
substantial literature; even as, in our own days, we scatter gilded volumes
on the centretable, to be turned over by the casual guest.
Chapter 8
unobtrusive: (adj) not noticeable or blatant; inconspicuous.
Sentence: Pearl, that wild and flighty little elf, stole softly towards him,
and taking his hand in the grasp of both her own, laid her cheek against it’
a caress so tender, and withal so unobtrusive, that her mother, who was looking
on, asked herself, “Is that my Pearl?”
unwonted: (adj) not habitual or ordinary; unusual. Sentence:
Little Pearl’s unwonted mood of sentiment lasted no longer; she laughed
and went capering down the hall, so airily, that old Mr. Wilson raised a question
whether even her tiptoes touched the floor.
wellnigh: (adv) nearly; almost. Sentence: “Wilt thou
go with us tonight? There will be a merry company in the forest; and I wellnigh
promised the Black Man that comely Hester Prynne should make one.”
sundering: (verb) tearing apart. Sentence: But here-if we suppose
this interview betwixt Mistress Hibbins and Hester Prynne to be authentic, and
not a parable-was already an illustration of the young minister’s argument
against sundering the relation of a fallen mother to the offspring of her frailty.
Chapter 9
appellation: (noun) a name, title, or designation. Sentence:
Under the appellation of Roger Chillingworth, the reader will remember, was
hidden another name, which its former wearer had resolved should never more
be spoken.
pilloried: (verb) locked into a wooden framework on a post,
with holes for the head and hands; shamefully connected. Sentence: He
resolved not to be pilloried beside her on her pedestal of shame.
apothecary: (noun) pharmacist. Sentence: At all events, the
health of the good town of Boston, lain in the guardianship of an aged deacon
and apothecary, whose piety and godly deportment were stronger testimonials
in his favor than any that he could have produced in the shape of a diploma.
pharmacopoeia: (noun) a book containing an official list
of medicinal drugs together with articles on their preparation and use. Sentence:
In his Indian captivity, moreover, he had gained much knowledge of the properties
of native herbs and roots; nor did he conceal from his patients, that these
simple medicines, Nature’s boon to the untutored savage, had quite as
large a share of his own confidence as the European pharmacopoeia, which so
many learned doctors had spent centuries in elaborating.
Chapter 10
typify: (verb) to serve as a typical example of. Sentence:
They grew out of his heart, and typify, it may be, some hideous secret that
was buried with him, and which he had done better to confess during his lifetime.
imbued: (verb) filled with. Sentence: You Sir, of all men whom
I have known, are he whose body is the closest conjoined, and imbued, and identified,
so to speak, with the spirit whereof it is the instrument.
somniferous: (adj) sleep causing. Sentence: It must have been
a work of vast ability in the somniferous school of literature.
Chapter 11
antipathy: (noun) hatred, repugnance. Sentence: His gestures,
his gait, his grizzled beard, his slightest and most indifferent acts, the very
fashion of his garments, were odious in the clergyman’s sight; a token
implicitly to be relied on, of a deeper antipathy in the breast of the latter
than he was willing to acknowledge to himself.
abhorrence: (noun) revulsion. Sentence: For, as it was impossible
to assign a reason of such distrust and abhorrence, so Mr. Dimmesdale, conscious
that the poison of one morbid spot was infecting his heart’s entire substance,
attributed all his presentiments to no other cause.
abstruse: (adj) difficult to understand. Sentence: There were
scholars among them, who had spent more years in acquiring abstruse lore, connected
with the divine profession, Mr. Dimmesdale had lived; and who might well, therefore,
be more profoundly versed in such solid and valuable attainments than their
youthful brother.
forborne: (verb) held back from; resist. Sentence: On one of
those ugly nights, which we have faintly hinted at, but forborne to picture
forth, the minister started from his chair.
Chapter 12
somnambulism: (noun) sleepwalking. Sentence: Walking in the
shadow of a dream, as it were, and perhaps actually under the influence of a
species of somnambulism, Mr. Dimmesdale reached the spot where, now so long
since, Hester Prynne had lived through her first hours of public ignominy.
rheumatism: (noun) a condition of the muscles, tendons, joints,
bones, or nerves, characterized by pain and disability. Sentence: The minister
might stand there, if it so pleased him, until morning should redden in the
east, without other risk than that the dank and chill night-air would creep
into his frame, and stiffen his joints with rheumatism, and clog his throat
with catarrh and cough; thereby defrauding the expectant audience of to-morrow’s
prayer and sermon.
catarrh: (noun) inflammation of mucous membranes, especially
of the nose and throat. Sentence: The minister might stand there, if it so pleased
him, until morning should redden in the east, without other risk than that the
dank and chill night-air would creep into his frame, and stiffen his joints
with rheumatism, and clog his throat with catarrh and cough; thereby defrauding
the expectant audience of to-morrow’s prayer and sermon.
reverberated: (verb) echoed. Sentence: Without any effort of
his will, or power to restrain himself, he shrieked aloud; an outcry that went
pealing through the night, and was beaten back from one house to another, and
reverberated from the hills, in the background; as if a company of devils, detecting
so much misery and terror in it, had made a plaything of the sound, and were
bandying it to and fro.
Chapter 14
propinquity: proximity; nearness
But it was the constant shadow of my presence!-the closest propinquity of the
grown to exist only by this perpetual poison of the direst revenge!
Chapter 15
blighted: withered. Sentence: Hester gazed after him a little
while, looking with a half fantastic curiosity to see whether the tender grass
of early spring would not be blighted beneath him, and show the wavering track
of his footsteps, sere and brown across its cheerful verdure.
nuptial: of or relating to marriage or the wedding ceremony.
Sentence: Attempting to do so, she thought of those long-past days, in a distant
land, when he used to emerge at eventide from the seclusion of his study, and
sit down in the firelight of their home, and in the light of her nuptial smile.
Chapter 16
loquacity: very talkative; garrulous. Sentence: All these giant
trees and boulders of granite seemed intent on making a mystery of the course
of this small brook; fearing, perhaps, that, with its never-ceasing loquacity,
it should whisper tales out of the heart of the old forest whence it flowed,
or mirror its revelations on the smooth surface of a pool.
hue: color or shade. Sentence: Continually, indeed, as it stole
onward, the streamlet kept up a babble, kind, quiet, soothing, but melancholy,
like the voice of a young child that was spending its infancy without playfulness
and knew not how to be merry among sad acquaintance and events of somber hue.
Chapter 17
misanthropy: hatred or mistrust of humankind. Sentence: There
had been a period when Hester was less alive to this consideration; or perhaps,
in the misanthropy of her own trouble, she left the minister to bear what she
might picture to herself as a more tolerable doom.
malignity: intense hatred. Sentence: She doubted not, that
the continual presence of Roger Chillingworth,-the secret poison of his malignity,
infecting all the air about him,-and his authorized interference, as a physician,
with the minister’s physical and spiritual infirmities,-that these bad
opportunities had been turned to a cruel purpose.
Chapter 18
citadel: a fortress in a commanding position in or near a city.
Sentence: It may be watched and guarded; so that the enemy shall not force his
way again into the citadel, and might even, in his subsequent assaults, select
some other avenue, in preference to that where he formally succeeded.
irrevocably: impossible to retract or revoke. Sentence: But
now, since I am irrevocably doomed, wherefore should I not snatch the solace
allowed to the condemned culprit before his execution?
Chapter 19
grimace: a sharp contortion of the face expressive of pain,
contempt, or disgust. Sentence: It was only by an exertion of force that her
mother brought her up to him, hanging back, and manifesting her reluctance by
odd grimaces; of which, ever since her babyhood, she had possessed a singular
variety, and could transform her mobile physiognomy into a series of different
aspects, with a new mischief in them each and all.
talisman: lucky charm. Sentence: The minister, painfully embarrassed,
but hoping that a kiss might prove a talisman to admit him into the child’s
kindlier regards, bent forward, and impressed one on her brow.
Chapter 20
vicissitude: a change or variation. Sentence: So great a vicissitude
in his life could not at once be received as real.
disquietude: worried unease; anxiety. In order to free his
mind from this indistinctness and duplicity of impression, which vexed it with
a strange disuietude, he recalled and more thoroughly defined the plans which
Hester and himself had sketched for their departure.
Chapter 21
plebeian: characteristic of common people. Sentence: It was
already thronged with the craftsmen and other plebeian inhabitants of the town,
in considerable numbers; among whom, likewise, were many rough figures, whose
attire of deer-skins marked them as belonging to some of the forest settlements,
which surrounded the little metropolis of the colony.
jollity: merriment or celebration. Sentence: It was as Hester
said, in regard to the unwonted jollity that brightened the faces of the people.
Chapter 22
necromancy: The practice of communicating with the spirits
of the dead in order to predict the future. Sentence: As this ancient lady had
the renown of being a principal actor in all the works of necromancy that were
continually going forward, the crowd gave way before her, and seemed to fear
the touch of her garment, as if it carried the plague among its gorgeous folds.
sobriety: seriousness in bearing, manner, or treatment. Sentence:
These primitive statesmen, therefore,- Bradstreet, Endicott, Dudley, Bellingham,
and their compeers, who were elevated to power by the early choice of the people,
seem to have been not often brilliant, but distinguished by a ponderous sobriety,
rather than activity of intellect.
pathos: an emotion of sympathetic pity. Sentence: But, throughout
it all, and through the whole discourse, there had been a certain deep, said
undertone of pathos, which could not be interpreted otherwise than as the natural
regret of one soon to pass away.
zenith: the point in the sky that is directly above the observer.
Sentence: Within the church, it had hardly been kept down; beneath the sky,
it pealed upward to the zenith.
Chapter 24
delve: to search deeply and laboriously. Sentence: And,
after many, many years a new grave was delved, near an old and sunken one, in
that burial-ground beside which King’s Chapel has since been build.
semblance: an outward or token appearance. Sentence: All around,
there were monuments carved with armorial bearings’ and on this simple
slab of slate-as the curious investigator may still discern, and perplex himself
with the purport-there appeared the semblance of an engraved escutcheon.
Vocabulary for Whitman and Dickinson
Whitman:
1) p.1234, line 43, clang: (n) a ringing noise, often of bells.
2) p.1234, line 59, solemn: (adj) deeply earnest, serious, and sober.
3) p.1234, line 63, netherward: Noun; downward direction; region of hell.
4) p.1236, line 115, minutia: (n) small or trivial detail. Origin: from Late Latin minutiae, petty details, from Latin mintia, smallness, from mintus, small.
5) p.1238, line171, askant: With a sideways glance; obliquely.
6) p.1221, line 2, shuttle:
7) p.1221, line 13, myriad: (adj.) Amounting to a very large, indefinite number- n. A vast number (Greek, murios, countless).
8) p.1223, line 67, wafting, participle in Whitman's poem. Waft: v. to carry or cause to go gently and smoothly through the air or over water- n. Something as an odor, carried through the air, A light breeze, A waving ( Middle Dutch, watchen, to watch or guard).
9) p. 1225, line136, ecstatic: (adj.) Of relating to, induced by, or introducing ecstasy, in a state of ecstasy; enraptured. -n. One subject to ecstasies, (plural) Fits of ecstasy; raptures.
10) p. 1225, line 143, bard: (noun) A tribal poet-singer skilled in composing and reciting verses on heroes and their deeds (15th Century Middle English).
Dickinson:
11) p.1260, line 4, Heft: (noun) Weight, heaviness, bulk (15th Century, Middle English).
12) p. 1261, line 5, Surplice: (noun) a loose white outer ecclesiastical vestment usually of knee length with large open sleeves (13th Century, Middle English).
13) p. 1266, line7, supercilious: (adj) showing or feeling haughty disdain. Latin superciliosus = eyebrow.
14) p. 1266, line 16, docile: (adj) ready and willing to be taught. Latin - docilis - to teach.
15) p. 1266, line 16, omnipotent: (adj) having unlimited or universal power. Latin omnipotens to be able.
16) p. 1269, line 6, garret: (n) A room on the top floor of a house, typically under a pitched roof; an attic. [Middle English, from Old French garite, watchtower, from garir, to defend, of Germanic origin. See wer-4 in Indo-European Roots.]
17) p. 1270, line 11, corporeal: (adj) 1.Of, relating to, or characteristic of the body. 2. Of a material nature; tangible. [From Latin corporeus, from corpus, corpor-, body. See kwrep- in Indo-European Roots.]
18) p. 1260, line 11, affliction: (n.) 1.A condition of pain, suffering, or distress. 2. A cause of pain, suffering, or distress.
19) p. 1261, line 9, sexton: n. a church employee that takes care of the church and does other minor duties like, ring the bell and dig graves. [Middle English sextein, from Anglo-Latin sextnus, probably from Medieval Latin secristnus, sacristan, variant of sacristnus.]
20) p. 1258, line 5, debauchee
21) p. 1258, line 13, seraph:
Vocabulary definitions per chapter
Chapter 1
1) Incessantly (p. 1649) Continuing without interruption.
Chapter 4
2) Listlessly (p.1654) Lacking energy or disinclined to exert effort.
Chapter 5
3) Languorous (p.1656) Lack of physical or mental energy.
4) Congenial (p.1655) Having the same tastes, habits, or temperament; sympathetic.
Chapter 7
5) Candor: (p. 1661) Frankness or sincerity of expression; openness. Freedom from prejudice; impartiality.
Chapter 8
6) Desultory (p.1663) Occurring haphazardly; random.
Chapter 9
7) Impetuous (p.1665) Having or marked by violent force.
8) Imperious (p.1666) Arrogantly domineering or overbearing.
9) Immutable (p.1665) Not subject or susceptible to change.
10) Effulgence: splendor, brilliance.
Chapter 10
11) Supercilious (1669) Feeling or showing haughty disdain.
12) voluptuous: sensual gratification; luxury, pleasure
Chapter 12
13) piquant: savory, pungent; pleasantly pungent or tart in taste; spicy.
Chapter 15
14) Incipiently (p. 1681) Adverb with "ly". Beginning to exist or appear; Incipient: Beginning to exist or appear: detecting incipient tumors; an incipient personnel problem.
Chapter 18
15) Commodious, p.1688 Spacious; roomy.
16) ennui: listlessness and dissatisfaction resulting from lack of interest; boredom.
17) Pandemonium, p.1690 A very noisy place; wild uproar or noise.
Chapter 19
18) caprice: an impulsive change of mind.
Chapter 20
19) Ravishing: extremely attractive; entrancing
Some repeating words in many chapters:
20) hitherto: adverb
†Pronunciation † hI dhEr tu
†Definition 1. until this time; previously.
21) Demurely 1. Modest and reserved in manner or behavior. 2. Affectedly shy, modest, or reserved. See Synonyms at shy.
22) Alacrity (p.1687) Promptness or eager and speedy, readiness
23) Atelier (p.1690) A studio or workshop where an artist works
Vocabulary definitions per chapter
| Chapter 1 | Chapter 2 | Chapter 3 |
| Chapter 4 | Chapter 5 | Chapter 6 |
| Chapter 7 | Chapter 8 | Chapter 9 |
Chapter 1
1. Feign: (V) -to imitate deceptively; to make believe; pretend.
2. Supercilious: (Adj.) -having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain
of those one views as unworthy.
3. Conscientious: (Adj.) -meticulous; careful; painstaking; particular.
4. Incredulous: (Adj.) -indicating or showing unbelief.
5. Reciprocal: (Adj.) -mutual; corresponding; matching; complementary; equivalent.
6. Wan: (Adj.) -of an unnatural or sickly pallor; pallid; lacking color.
7. Complacent: (Adj.) -often without awareness of some potential danger or defect;
self-satisfied.
8. Intimation: (V) -make known subtly and indirectly; hint.
9. Infinite: (Adj.) -indefinitely or exceedingly large.
10. Anon: (Adv.) -in a short time; soon.
Chapter 2
1. Contiguous: (Adj.) -connecting without a break; uninterrupted.
2. Facet: (N) -aspect; phase; side.
3. Cower: (V) -to crouch, as in fear or shame.
4. Interpose: (V) -to step in between parties at variance; mediate.
5. Apathetic: (Adj.) -not interested or concerned; indifferent or unresponsive.
6. Languid: (Adj.) -lacking in spirit or interest; listless; indifferent.
7. Imply: (V) -to indicate or suggest without being explicitly stated.
8. Strident: (Adj.) -having a shrill, irritating quality or character.
9. Deft: (Adj.) -nimble; skillful; clever.
10. Clad: (Adj.) -dressed; covered.
Chapter 3
1. Permeate: (V) -to pass into or through every part of; to penetrate through
the pores; to be diffused through; pervade; saturate.
2. Innuendo: (N) -an indirect comment about a person or thing, esp. of a disparaging
or a derogatory nature.
3. Erroneous: (Adj.) -containing error; mistaken; incorrect; wrong.
4. Vehement: (Adj.) -strongly emotional; intense or passionate.
5. Cordial: (Adj.) -courteous and gracious; friendly; warm.
6. Impetuous: (Adj.) -characterized by sudden or rash action, emotion, etc.;
impulsive.
7. Vacuous: (Adj.) -lacking in ideas or intelligence.
8. Corpulent: (Adj.) -large or bulky of body; portly; stout; fat.
9. Provincial: (Adj.) -having the manners, and viewpoints considered characteristic
of unsophisticated inhabitants of a province; rustic; narrow or illiberal.
10. Din: (N) -a loud, confused noise; a continued loud or tumultuous sound;
noisy clamor.
Chapter 4
1. Knickerbocker: (N) -any New Yorker.
2. Fluctuate: (V) -to change continually; shift back and forth.
3. Sporadic: (Adj.) -appearing or happening at irregular intervals in time;
occasional.
4. Divine retribution: (N) -punishment from a higher being for bad deeds or
transgressions.
5. Rajah: (N) -a king or prince in India; a minor chief or dignitary.
6. Elicit: (V) -to draw or bring out or forth; educe; evoke.
7. Valor: (N) -heroic courage; bravery.
8. Somnambulatory: (Adj.) -related to sleep walking.
9. Denizen: (N) -an inhabitant; a resident; one that frequents a particular
place.
10. Jaunty: (Adj.) -easy and sprightly in manner or bearing.
Chapter 5
1. Rout: (N) -an overwhelming defeat.
2. Suppress: (V) -to do away with; abolish; stop.
3. Innumerable: (Adj.) -very numerous; incapable of being counted; countless.
4. Ecstatic: (Adj.) -subject to or in a state of ecstasy; rapturous.
5. Reproach: (V) -to find fault with (a person, group, etc.); blame.
6. Serf: (N) -a slave.
7. Obstinate: (Adj.) -inflexible; stubborn; not yielding.
8. Exult: (V) -to show or feel a lively or triumphant joy; rejoice; be highly
elated or jubilant.
9. Hulking: (Adj.) -heavy and clumsy; bulky.
10. Nebulous: (Adj.) -hazy, vague, indistinct, or confused.
Chapter 6
1. Laudable: (Adj.) -deserving praise; praiseworthy; commendable.
2. Insidious: (Adj.) -intended to entrap or trick.
3. Repose: (N) -peace; tranquillity; calm.
4. Debauch: (N) -an uninhibited spree or party.
5. Antecedent: (N) -a preceding circumstance, event, object, style, phenomenon.
6. Ingratiate: (V) -to establish (oneself) in the favor or good graces of others
by deliberate effort.
7. Perturb: (N) -to throw into great disorder; derange; bother; annoy.
8. Dilatory: (Adj.) -tending to delay or procrastinate; slow; tardy.
9. Desolate: (Adj.) -barren or laid waste; devastated; deprived or destitute
of inhabitants; deserted; uninhabited; solitary; lonely.
10. Elusive: (Adj.) -hard to express or define; cleverly or skillfully evasive.
Chapter 7
1. Lapse: (N) -a slip or error, often of a trivial sort; failure. (V) -to come
to an end; stop.
2. Insistent: (Adj.) -earnest or emphatic in dwelling upon, maintaining, or
demanding something; persistent.
3. Tentative: (Adj.) -unsure; uncertain; not definite or positive; hesitant.
4. Abrupt: (Adj.) -sudden or unexpected.
5. Tumult: (N) -uproar; disorder; highly distressing agitation of mind or feeling.
6. Portentous: (Adj.) -ominous, predictive of future bad events.
7. Irreverent: (Adj.) -not respectful; critical of what is generally accepted
or respected.
8. Vicarious: (Adj.) -taking the place of another person or thing; acting or
serving as a substitute.
9. Rancor: (N) -resentment or ill will; hatred; malice.
10. Formidable: (Adj.) -of great strength; forceful; powerful.
Chapter 8
1. Humidor: (N) -a container or storage room for cigars or other preparations
of tobacco, fitted with means for keeping the tobacco suitably moist.
2. Indiscernible: (Adj.) -cannot be seen or perceived clearly; imperceptible.
3. Settee: (N) -a seat for two or more persons, having a back and usually arms,
and often upholstered.
4. In cahoots: (Phrase) -in partnership; in league with; in conspiracy.
5. Divot: (N) -a piece of turf gouged out with a club in making a stroke.
6. Garrulous: (Adj.) -excessively talkative in a rambling, roundabout manner,
esp. about trivial matters.
7. Incoherent: (Adj.) -without logical or meaningful connection; disjointed;
rambling.
8. Conceivable: (Adj.) -imagineable; believeable.
9. Forlorn: (Adj.) -desolate or dreary; unhappy or miserable, as in feeling,
condition, or appearance.
10. Laden: (Adj.) -burdened; loaded down.
Chapter 9
1. Pasquinade: (N) -a satire or lampoon, esp. one posted in a public place.
2. Derange: (V) -to disturb the condition, action, or function of; to make insane.
3. Surmise: (V) -to think or infer without certain or strong evidence; conjecture;
guess.
4. Superfluous: (Adj.) -being more than is sufficient or required; excessive;
unnecessary or needless.
5. Elocution: (N) -a person's manner of speaking or reading aloud in public.
6. Unutterable: (Adj.) -unspeakable; beyond expression.
7. Subtle: (Adj.) -difficult to perceive or understand.
8. Orgastic: (Adj.) - at the height of emotional excitement.
9. Borne: (V) -carried.
10. Ceaselessly: (Adv.) -without stopping or pausing; unendingly; incessantly.
Interdisciplinary Vocabulary Words Discovered by Classmates
Words for the quiz on Febuary 2, 2004:
1. Felicity, Noun. Great happiness; bliss. An instance of great happiness. From dictionary.com.
2. Didactic, Adj. Intended to instruct, teach.
3. Fickle, Adj. Characterized by erratic changeableness or instability, especially with regard to affections or attachments; capricious.
4. Ebb, Verb. With respect to the oceans, Ebb tide. A period of decline or diminution: “Insistence upon rules of conduct marks the ebb of religious fervor” (Alfred North Whitehead). From dictionary.com.
5. mnemonic (adj.) assisting or designed to assist memory.
6. cacography (n.) bad spelling, bad handwriting.
7. Incandescence, Adj. The emission of visible light by a hot object; a high degree of emotion, intensity, or brilliance.
8. diminutive, Adj. very small; tiny.
9. dingy, Adj. dirty or unkempt, as clothing or a living place; grimy.
10. Subtlety - distinction that is difficult to make.
11. paramount, Adj. Of chief concern or importance: tending first to one's paramount needs. (From dictionary.com).
12. Paean- a written, spoken, or musical expression of enthusiastic praise or rapturous joy.
13. hypothesis, Noun. Assumption, theory requiring proof..
14. Guile, Noun. Treacherous cunning; skillful deceit. (From dictionary.com)
15. lionize, Verb. To treat as a celebrity.
16. Proxy- the function, power, or capacity to act of a deputy authorized to substitute for another.
17. utopia (n.) an imaginary place, a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions.
18. enigmatic (adj.) of relating to, pr resembling an enigma, mysterious.
19. Mollify, Verb. To calm in temper or feeling; soothe.
20. equilibrium, Noun. A physical state or sense of being able to maintain bodily balance
21. mitigate, Verb. To soften or make milder.
1.Enervate: (verb) To weaken or destroy the strength or vitality of: “the luxury which enervates and destroys nations” (Henry David Thoreau). See Synonyms at deplete. Medicine. To remove a nerve or part of a nerve. From our U.S. History book
2. Assimilate: (verb) To incorporate and absorb
into the mind: assimilate knowledge.
To make similar; cause to resemble. Middle English assimilaten, from Latin assimilre,
assimilt-, to make similar to : ad-, ad- + similis, like; see sem-1 in Indo-European
Roots.] U.S. History class
3. Anachronistic n.
1. The representation of someone as existing or something as happening in other
than chronological, proper, or historical order.
2. One that is out of its proper or chronological order, especially a person
or practice that belongs to an earlier time: “A new age had plainly dawned,
an age that made the institution of a segregated picnic seem an anachronism”
(Henry Louis Gates, Jr.).
4. par·a·digm
n. = 1. One that serves as a pattern or model.
2. A set or list of all the inflectional forms of a word or of one of its grammatical
categories: the paradigm of an irregular verb.
3. A set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitutes a
way of viewing reality for the community that shares them, especially in an
intellectual discipline.
[Middle English, example, from Late Latin paradgma, from Greek paradeigma, from
paradeiknunai, to compare : para-, alongside; see para-1 + deiknunai, to show;
see deik- in Indo-European Roots]
5. har·bin·ger
= One that indicates or foreshadows what is to come; a forerunner.
tr.v. har·bin·gered, har·bin·ger·ing, har·bin·gers
To signal the approach of; presage.
[Middle English herbengar, person sent ahead to arrange lodgings, from Old French
herbergeor, from herbergier, to provide lodging for, from herberge, lodging,
of Germanic origin. See koro- in Indo-European Roots.]
6. Pedagogy –n. 1.The art or profession of teaching.2.Preparatory training or instruction. [French pédagogie, from Old French, from Greek paidaggi, from paidaggos, slave who took children to and from school. See pedagogue.](Philosophy class) Plato studied many forms of pedagogy throughout his life.
7. Aesthetics-n. 1. Relating to the philosophy or theories of aesthetics. 2. Of or concerning the appreciation of beauty or good taste: the aesthetic faculties. 3. Characterized by a heightened sensitivity to beauty. 4. Artistic: The play was an aesthetic success. 5. Informal. Conforming to accepted notions of good taste. [German ästhetisch, from New Latin aesthticus, from Greek aisthtikos, of sense perception, from aisthta, perceptible things, from aisthanesthai, to perceive. See au- in Indo-European Roots.] The aesthetically pleasing room was beautiful to look at.
8.Sectionalism ‡ n; excessive concern for the interests of a particular group or area to the detriment of the whole. Sectionalism was a major issue in the early 1900s between the New England states and the rest of the United States. History Class.
9. Emancipation ‡ n; the act or process of setting somebody free or of freeing somebody from restrictions. The judge’s emancipation of the prisoner was the right decision because he is not guilty of stealing from the gas station. History Class.
10. non se·qui·tur n.
1. An inference or conclusion that does not follow from the premises or evidence.
2. A statement that does not follow logically from what preceded it. Comic Strip
11. e·bul·lient: adj.
1. Zestfully enthusiastic.
2. Boiling or seeming to boil; bubbling. Word of the Day calender
12. Abrogate: Verb: To abolish. In the 1800’s, many northerners fought to abrogate slavery in the Abolitionist movement.
13. Catharsis (n) [ Gr Katharos, pure] 1 a purging, esp. of the bowels 2 a relieving of the emotions, as through the arts of psychotherapy.
14. Superfluous (adj) [L super, above + fluere, to flow] excessive pr unnecessary.
15. Decimate (n) – to kill or destroy a
large part of
Org. – Latin: decem – ten.
16. Impeccable (adj) – faultless, beyond
critism.
Org. – Latin: peccare – to sin.
Her impeccable performance throughout the game earned her the M.V.P position.
17. Antebellum (adj.) before war. The antebellum struggles caused the war to become more deadly. Latin origin: ante = before/pre + bellum = war.
18. Procrastinate (verb) to put off doing something. The students procrastinated their homework because they knew it would take them all day to complete. Latin origin: pro = in place of + cras = tomorrow.
19. Annex (verb) To append or attach, especially
to a larger or more significant thing.
To incorporate (territory) into an existing political unit such as a country,
state, county, or city.
To add or attach, as an attribute, condition, or consequence.
Middle English annexen, from Old French annexer, from Latin annectere, annex-,
to connect : ad-, ad- + nectere, to bind; see ned- in Indo-European Roots. U.S.
History Class
20. Esoteric (adj.) Intended for or understood
by only a particular group: an esoteric cult. See Synonyms at mysterious.
Of or relating to that which is known by a restricted number of people. Confined
to a small group: esoteric interests. Not publicly disclosed; confidential.
U.S History book.
21. Sovereignty (noun) Supremacy of authority or rule as exercised by a sovereign or sovereign state. Royal rank, authority, or power.Complete independence and self-government. A territory existing as an independent state. U.S. History Class.